Scale deposits typically occur when the concentrations of dissolved minerals in the cooling water exceed their solubility limits and accumulate on heat exchanger surfaces. The most common scale former, calcium carbonate, exhibits reverse solubility in that they become less soluble as the temperature of the water increases. This property causes scale formation and build-up on heat transfer surfaces of equipment.

Because the thermal conductivity of scale is substantially lower than metal, scale deposits typically reduce the heat removal capability of the equipment, and production speeds must be lowered to compensate. In extreme cases, enough scale accumulation can block cooling water passages and affect equipment efficiency. Scale formation on the condenser of chillers reduces the efficiency of these units in chilled water systems, therefore requiring an increase in the amount of power needed to obtain a given volume of chilled water.

The HydroFLOW/HydroPATH technology charges the ions in the water, positively and negatively causing the particles to become attracted and form clusters that stay suspended in the solution instead of building up on equipment surfaces. In addition, the HydroFLOW signal affects existing scale in heat exchanger systems causing it to be attracted to the charged particles suspended in the solution aiding in the removal of existing scale throughout the system. The prevention and removal of scale on heat transfer surfaces allows the system to run at a higher mineral concentration, thus reducing or eliminating the need for scale inhibiting chemicals. Less chemicals = more eco-friendly.